泌尿道感染可影響膀胱、尿道或腎臟，常見關注包括尿頻、尿急及排尿時灼熱或疼痛。小便顏色或氣味改變並不一定代表感染，是否需要驗尿或治療須按情況評估。Urinary tract infections may affect the bladder, urethra or kidneys. Concerns include frequency, urgency and burning or pain when passing urine. Colour or smell changes alone do not prove an infection; testing and treatment depend on assessment.
哪些情況要盡快說明？What should you tell the clinician promptly?
查詢時說明症狀開始時間、是否發熱、腰側痛、血尿或嘔吐，並告知懷孕及已有病患等情況。兒童、孕婦或伴有發熱及腰側痛者應及時求醫，不要自行使用剩餘抗生素。Describe onset, fever, side or back pain, blood in the urine or vomiting, and mention pregnancy or existing conditions. Children, pregnant people and those with fever and flank pain need prompt medical assessment. Do not use leftover antibiotics yourself.